Publication: Assessment of healthiness and the quality of meals using meal quality index at the primary school canteens of Kelantan
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Date
2025
Authors
Zulkifli, Asna Salihah
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Abstract
Healthy eating among primary school children is a crucial factor influencing their health, physical development, and academic performance. However, the quality of food provided in school canteens often raises concerns as it does not always comply with healthy dietary guidelines. This study was conducted to assess the healthiness and nutritional quality of meals served in primary school canteens in Kelantan using the Meal Quality Index (MQI). The main objectives were to evaluate the nutritional quality of canteen menus and to compare MQI scores between schools located in urban and rural areas. This quantitative study employed random sampling involving several primary schools across Kelantan. Canteen menus were collected and analyzed using the MQI, which evaluates key components such as fruits, vegetables, protein, whole grains, fat, added sugar, and sodium. The findings revealed that the overall MQI scores were at a moderate level, with notable deficiencies in fruits and vegetables. Urban schools recorded higher MQI scores compared to rural schools, although not all components showed significant differences. In conclusion, this study highlights the need for nutritional interventions in primary school canteens, particularly in increasing the provision of fruits, vegetables, and whole grain options. The results are expected to serve as a reference for schools, canteen operators, and policymakers in improving the dietary quality of meals provided to schoolchildren in Kelantan.
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