Kesan pendekatan pengalaman penghayatan Islam terhadap pemikiran peringkat tinggi di kalangan pelajar tingkatan dua
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Date
2003-03
Authors
Arifin, Abd. Kadir
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti kesan Pendekatan Pengalaman Penghayatan
Islam [PPPI] berdasarkan surah al-Kahfi [60 hingga 82] dan ide-ide yang dimjuk kepada
Dick dan Reiser (1989) terhadap penaakulan pemikiran peringkat tinggi di kalangan
pelajar Tingkatan Dua. Kajian ini dijalankan secara quasi-eksperimen melalui
perbandingan di antara PPPI dengan Pendekatan Pengajaran Tradisional (PPT). Pembahan
dalam pencapaian pemikiran peringkat tinggi antara kedua-dua kumpulan dikenal pasti
menemsi juzuk-juzuk pemikiran pemaharnan (al-jahm), renung nilai (al-istirjaac),
pengajaran (al-i 'tibar) dan penghayatan (al-istiqamah) dalam pendidikan Islam yang
terdiri daripada al-Qur'an, 'Ulum Syar'iah dan Akhlak Islamiyah. Kajian ini melibatkan
400 orang Sffiilpel pelajar tingkatan dua di kalangan lelaki dan perempuan yang dipilih
secara rawak di Iapan buah sekolah di Kedah dan Pulau Pinang. Terdapat 200 orang
pelajar dalam Kumpulan Eksperimen dan 200 orang pelajar lagi dalam Kumpulan
Kawalan. Data pencapaian keseluruhan dan juzuk-juzuk dianalisis dengan menggunakan
pengiraan ANOVA sehala dan MANOVA tiga hala. Keputusan menunjukkan pencapaian
secara keseluruhan Kumpulan Eksperimen adalah signiflkan tinggi berbanding dengan
Kurnpulan Kawalan hasil dari kes'}Il PPPI [F dk(1.3&2) =96.465. p<.OOl ]. Sekolah juga
memberi kesan yang signifikan [F dk(3.382) =8239. p<.OOl]. Terdapat interaksi yang
signifikan pendekatan dengan sekolah [F dk(3.382) =17.524. p<.OOl], dan juga sekolah
dengan jantina [F dk(3382) =3.394. p<.018j. Analisis pencapaian terhadap juzuk-juzuk
pemikiran tinggi pula menunjukkan Kumpulan Eksperimen signifikan tinggi berbanding
dengan Kumpulan Kawalan (Wilks' y dk(3.379)=-0.782, p<.OOl). Terdapat juga kesan
signifikan sekolah (Wilks' y dk(1 2,1oo3.oJ) =0.892, p<.OO 1) dan jantina (Wilks' Y dk(4,J79) =0.975 p<0.044). Di samping itu terdapat kesan interaksi pendekatan dengan sekolah
(Wilks' y dk(J2,Joo3.o3) =0.694; p<O.OOl). Secara terperinci terdapat kesan pendekatan
menyebelahi PPPI berlaku ke atas al-fahm [F dk(us2)=31.03. p<.OOl ], al-istirjaac [F dk(U&l)
=58.97. p<.OOl], al-i'tibar [F dk(U&l) =23.15. p<.OOl] dan al-istiqamah [F dk(us2)=60.43.
p<.OOl]. Terdapat juga kesan sekolah ke atas al-i'tibiir [F dk(ns2)=4.71. p<.OOl] dan
al-istiqamah [F dk(3.3&l) = 9.62. p<.OOl] dan kesan jantina ke atas al-fahm [F dk(us2)=6.80.
p<.OOl]. Terdapat interaksi dua hala pendekatan dengan sekolah berlaku ke atas aljahm
[F dk(3.3s2)=46.28. p<.OOl] al-i 'tibar [F dk(3382)=3.92. p<.OOl] dan al-istiqamah [F dk(Bs2)=
8.62. p<.OOI]. Jelaslah di sini bahawa PPPI mempunyai kesan positifterbadap pemikiran
tinggi. Justeru itu penyelidikan ini menampilkan bukti untuk menegaskan bahawa PPPI
amat sesuai diapplikasikan dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran Pendidikan Islam dan
. seterusnya dapat meningkatkan pencapaian pemikiran peringkat tinggi pelajar dalam bilik
Darjah KBSM. The purpose of this research is to ascertain the effects of Islamic Experiential
Appreciation ~pproach based on surah al-Kahfi: 60-82 and the ideas of Dick and Reiser
(1989) toward higher level thinking among form two students. This research was
conducted as a quasi-experiment comparing PPPI with the traditional teaching
(Pendekatan Pengajaran Tradisional or 'PPT') to form a control group. Changes in higher
level thinking performance between the two groups were identified through the higher
thinking comprehension components (al-fahm), reflection (al-istirjaac), edificatiQn
(al-i 'tibiir) and conviction (al-istiqiimah) with regards to Islamic religious knowledge of
Al-Qur'iin, 'Ulum Syar'iah and Islamic Moral. The sample involved 400 male and female
form two students randomly chosen from 8 schools in Kedah and Pulau Pinang. There
were 200 students in the experimental group and another 200 in the control group. The
data was analyzed using a one-way ANOV A and a three-way MANOV A computations.
The result shows that the overall peyformance of the experimental group is significantly
higher than the control group due to the effect of PPPI teaching approach [F dk(1.382)
=96.465. p<.OOI]. The schools also showed a significant effect on [F dk(3.382) =8.239.
p<.OOl]. There is a significant interaction effect of approach and schools [F dk(3.382)
=17.524. p<.OOl] and also schools and gender [F dk(3.382) =3.394. p<.018]. The results for
each thinking component show that the experimental group is significantly higher than the
control group (Wilks' y dk(3.379)=0.782, p<.OOl). There is a significant effect of schools (Wilks' Y dk(12,I003.03)=0.892, p<.OOl) and gender (Wilks' y dk(4,379)=0.975 p<0.044).
Besides there is also an approach interaction effect on schools (Wilks' y dk(I2,1003.o3)
=0.694; p<O.OOl). Specifically, PPPI has favorable effect on al-fahm [F dk(u82) =31.03.
p<.OOl ], al-istirjaac [F dk(1.3S2)=58.97. p<.OOl ], al-i 'tiblir [F dk(l.3S2)=23.15. p<.OOl] and
al-istiqlimah [F dk(\.382) =60.43. p<.OOl]. The result also shows that the school has a
significant effect on al-i'tiblir [F dk(3.3&2)=4.71. p<.OOl] and al-istiqlimah [F dk(3.382)= 9.62.
p<.OOl] and the effect of gender on al-fahm [F dk(u82)=6.80. p<.OOl]. There are two-way
interactional effects of approach and schools on al-fahm [F dk(3.382) =46.28. p<.OOl]
al-i'tiblir [F dk(3.382)=3.92. p<.OOl] and al-istiqlimah [F dk(3.382) = 8.62. p<.OOI]. It is
obvious that PPPI has a positive effect on higher level reasoning. This research has proven
that. PPPI is most suitable for application in the teaching and learning oflslamic education
and consequently is able to increase the performance of higher reasoning of students in the
KBSM.
Description
Keywords
Pengajaran dan pembelajaran Pendidikan Islam