Anti-implamatory activity of ageratum conyzoides linn. lantana camara linn. and psidium guajava linn. extracts.
Loading...
Date
2009
Authors
Chong Vee, Tan
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
In an attempt to seek for more potent and less side effects anti-inflammatory
agent(s), activity guided fractionation was performed on Ageratum conyzoides Linn.,
Lantana camara Linn. and Psidium guajava Linn. extracts. The extracts were
screened using animal model carrageenan induced hind paw oedema. The model
was optimised first to find the best suspending agent for water insoluble antiinflammatory
agent indomethacin/extracts and to determine the type of experimental
animals most sensitive to indomethacin inhibition of oedema. Compound tragacanth
(1%) was found to be the best suspending agents compared to carboxymethyl
cellulose (CMC) (0.5%), tween 80 (1%),and tween 80/ ethanol/ water (5: 5: 90)
(1%). The animals that gave the largest inhibition of carrageenan-induced oedema
to indomethacin was in the order of female rat > male rat > male mice > female mice.
The plant materials were serially extracted with different solvent e.g. petroleum ether,
chloroform and methanol. The methanolic extract of L. camara leaves was found to
give the best inhibition of oedema compared to other extracts. Therefore, the
methanolic L. camara leaves extract was fractionated into petroleum ether,
chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fractions using solvent-solvent
partition method. It was found that the chloroform fraction caused the strongest
inhibition on female rat hind paw oedema. The choloroform fraction was further
fractionated into four subtractions (CF1 to CF4) using column chromatography.
Results showed that CF4 was the most effective in reducing the oedema induced by
carrageenan in female rats. The effect of CF4 of L. camara Linn. was then
examined on the oxytocin and acetylcholine induced contraction in isolated rat
uterus preparation to investigate whether the anti-inflammatory activity is due to the
inhibition of prostaglandins synthesis. Result showed that CF4 inhibited the
contraction induced by both oxytocin and acetylcholine in non-competitive manner
which suggests that the action of CF4 is non specific. The possible blockade of
voltage-operated calcium channels (VOCCs) and intracellular calcium channels of
CF4 fraction was investigated using isolated rat vas deferens preparation. Results
obtained suggested that CF4 selectively blocks intracellular calcium channel rather
than VOCCs. The phytochemical screening using thin layer chromatography was
performed on the active fractions of Lantana camara to identify the classes of
compounds present in this fraction. The result indicated that CF4 contains cardiac
glycosides, bitter principles, saponins, terpenoids, and essential oil. This study
concluded that the Lantana camara extracts are able to exert anti-inflammatory
activity through blockage of the intracellular calcium channel.
Description
Keywords
Conyzoides linn. , Psidium guajava linn.