Synthesis And Characterization Of Fire Retardant Paper Via Phosphorylation

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dc.contributor.authorAzman, Amzar
dc.date.accessioned2018-08-14T02:08:02Z
dc.date.available2018-08-14T02:08:02Z
dc.date.issued2011-05
dc.description.abstractThis study was undertaken to produce a fire retardant paper from the nation’s local raw material, Acacia mangium using the phosphorylation process. There are three main stages conducted in this study. The first stage of the treatment requires the pulp to be treated in an aqueous solution containing DMF, urea and phosphorus acid, swept by nitrogen gas at a temperature range of 140oC to 145oC. Response surface method (RSM) was used to determine the factor range required for this study. The factors used in the second stage treatment are the period of immersion, the immersion temperature and the concentration of Ca(OH)2. While for the third stage treatment, the factors required are the immersion period, temperature of treatment and the concentration of Ca(OH)2 and H3PO4. The main responses determined from all the three treatment stages are the percentage of the phosphorus content bound with the cellulosic material and the fire retardant ability of the material by using limited oxygen index. From the study, it has been shown that the first stage treatment has the highest percentage of the phosphorus content which is 1.71%, and the percentage of the oxygen index also shows the highest value which is 30.95% compared to the untreated SFI pulp which is only 17.90%. However, the percentage of the phosphorus content bound to the SFI hardwood decreased in the second and third stage treatment with only 1.62% and 1.13% of the phosphorus content. The percentage of the oxygen index was also found to decrease with values for both stages were 26.75% and 20-22% for the second and third stage treatment respectively. Other analyses using DSC, FTIR, SEM and EDX have been conducted to verify the presence of phosphorus and calcium substance on the SFI hardwood pulp to confirm the effectiveness of the treatment conducted.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/6291
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherUniversiti Sains Malaysiaen_US
dc.subjectProduce a fire retardant paperen_US
dc.subjectfrom the nation’s local raw materialen_US
dc.titleSynthesis And Characterization Of Fire Retardant Paper Via Phosphorylationen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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