Antihyperglycemic Activity Of Tinospora Crispa Extracts And Fractions In Rat
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Date
2015-08
Authors
SEYED HASSANI, MIR MOHAMMAD REZA
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Abstract
Tinospora crispa (Menispermaceae), locally known as “akar patawali”, has
long been used in Malaysian traditional medicine for treatment of diabetes. The aim
of this study was to verify the hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic effects of
different Tinospora crispa extracts in normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced
diabetic rats. Pulverized Tinospora crispa dried stems were extracted successively by
maceration with petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water to yield the four
extracts. None of the four extracts (1.0 g/kg) administered orally lowered the blood
glucose levels of normal rats which suggest that they have no hypoglycemic effect.
The four extracts also did not inhibit the rise of blood glucose level of glucose
intraperitoneally loaded rats. Daily oral administration of the extract 1 g/kg for
9 days in STZ-induced diabetic rats found that only the water extract managed to
lower the blood glucose levels significantly (P<0.05), as compared with the control
group which suggests that it has antihyperglycaemic effect. The water extract was
then fractionated to obtain n-butanol and aqueous fractions. However, daily
treatment for 12 days found that only water fraction (0.5 g/kg) lowered the blood
glucose level of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Phytochemical screening of the water
extracts of Tinospora crispa indicated the presence of alkaloids, glycosides and
saponins. GC-MS of water fraction showed the presence of dodecyl acrylate,
pentadecanoic acid and propanoic acid whereas HPLC analysis showed the presence
of gallic acid and salsolinol. Dodecyl acrylate, pentadecanoic acid, propanoic acid
and gallic acid have been previously reported to possess antidiabetic effect. Overall,
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the findings of this study showed Tinospora crispa possesses antidiabetic effect
which may justified its use in diabetic patients. Some of the identified compounds
above might have contributed individually or in combination to its antidiabetic
activity.
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Keywords
Antihyperglycemic Activity Of Tinospora Crispa , Extracts And Fractions In Rat