Keberkesanan agihan zakat kepada asnaf fakir dan miskin : kajian kes Bantuan Jayadiri, Jabatan Zakat Negeri Kedah
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Date
2014
Authors
noor syafinas binti muda, Noor Syafinas
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Abstract
Al-Quran has made it compulsory for Muslim to pay zakat. From the socio-economic
perspectives, the payment of zakat is a social obligation of a Muslim towards his
less-fortunate brethrens. Six out of eight people entitled to receive the zakat payment
can be categorised as the less fortunate i.e. the poor, the destitute, muallaf, riqab,
gharimin and ibni sabil. In fulfilling the responsibility as zakat collector in Kedah,
the Kedah Zakat Department (KZD) has introduced a program in the form of
financial assistance known as the Bantuan Jayadiri with the objectives of providing
capital to the poor and destitute to engage in a business endeavour. Through this
program, it is hoped that the recipients can run a business activity capable of
generating stable source of income to support their livelihood and at the same time
alleviating them from the poverty trap. This study is undertaken to evaluate the
success of this program Bantuan Jayadiri in reducing the incidence of poverty and in
improving the quality of life of its recipients. Reduction of poverty is measured
based on the number of recipients receiving income above the official poverty line
income (PLI). On quality of life, this study looked at the standard measure of quality
of life namely housing, transportation and communication, health and education.
Analysis of 180 recipients shows that 42 recipients managed to free themselves from
poverty with income above the PLI after receiving the assistance. Mean monthly
income of the respondents has increased from RM450 before receiving the financial
assistance to RM775 after receiving the financial assistance. Three significant factors
contributed to this increased namely duration of assistance, types of assistance and
assistance received from other agencies. On measures of quality of life, it is found
that quality of life relating to housing and education has increased. However, quality
of life relating to health, transport and communication does not show any
improvement. This study also shows that although there is a reduction in the number
of poor and destitute as a result of the program, nonetheless the increase in the mean
monthly income is just over the PLI which can easily pull them back into the poverty
trap with changing economic condition especially those at the margin. In view of
this, this study proposed that JZNK should give a sufficient amount of capital for the
asnaf to support their business needs, provide entrepreneurialship training and
guidance, follow-up assistance, active monitoring, and establishing cooperation
between JZNK with other anti-poverty agency, so that the effectiveness of the
program can be enhanced.