Study On Apolipoprotein E (Apoe) Gene Polymorphism And Coronary Artery Disease Biomarker In Diabetic Patients
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Date
2016
Authors
Abdul Sani, Athirah
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Apolipoproteion E (APOE) gene plays a major role in lipoprotein metabolism and
lipid transport. Various studies on the association of the APOE gene polymorphism
among diabetes patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) also has been investigated
in the last few years. However, there is no report among the Malaysian population in
regard to the association of APOE gene polymorphism among patients with T2DM and
CAD patients. Thus, the objective was to study role of APOE gene polymorphisms in
development of CAD among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Hospital Kuala
Lumpur (HKL). Total of 45 T2DM patients (21 men and 23 women) was investigated in
which 11 of them had complications with CAD. Biochemical analyses included glucose,
HbA1c and lipid profile which consists of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low
density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein (HDL-C). Data were obtained
from the Hospital Kuala Lumpur Pathology Laboratory database. Genotyping of APOE
was done by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism
(PCR-RFLP). The PCR product was digested with restriction enzymes. Fragments were
separated using agarose gel electrophoresis. The T2DM with and without CAD subjects
had significant differences in glucose and TG plasma levels (p = 0.048 and p = 0.019).
The APOE genotypes detected in this study were of ε3/ε3, ε3/ε4, ε2/ε3, ε2/ε4 and ε4/ε4
except for ε2/ε2 genotype. Research finding showed, frequency of ε3/ε4 genotype was
higher among T2DM with CAD compared to T2DM no CAD. However, there was no
significant difference in distribution of the APOE genotype and alleles among both
groups. Study showed there was a significant difference of HDL-C level between APOE
genotype (p = 0.004) and alleles (p = 0.001). It was noted only T2DM patients with no
CAD were affected with allele’s variation and HDL-C levels. Further analysis on the
association of the APOE gene polymorphism and lipid profile showed there were no
significant difference for TC, TG and LDL-C with genotypes and alleles. In conclusion
ε4 higher in CAD and reduces HDL-C.
Description
Keywords
Polymorphism and coronary artery Disease , biomarker in diabetic patients.