Pusat Pengajian Sains Kajihayat - Tesis

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The effects of sublethal doses of carbaryl on the biology of Dysdercus cingulatus (Fabr.)(Hemiptera; Heteroptera; Pyrrhocoridae
(1976)
Chung Gait Fee
The effects of sublethal doses of carbaryl on the biology of Oysdercus cingulatus (Fabr.) were investigated in the laboratory. The comparative toxicity of carbaryl against various life-stages of Q. cingulatus (Fabr.) as shown by L050 value was found to be first instar < second instar < third instar < fourth instar < adult male < fifth instar< adult female < gravid female, in increasing order.
Some Biochemical Aspects Of Tyrosine Aminotransferase (L-Tyrosine: 2-Oxoglutarate Aminotransferase, E.C. 2.6.1.5) (TAT) In The Stages Of Development Of Aedes Aegypti Linnaeus
(1976-04)
Chan Guat Lian
The variation of tyrosine-2-oxoglutarate amino-transferase (EC.2.6.1.5), TAT and soluble protein was charted throughout the postembryonic development and young adult growth of the mosquito, Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus).•. A close correspondence between the enzyme activity and soluble protein content was observed during the immature stages of development. Peak transaminase activity was encountered in· the middle fourth larval instar followed by a decline in activity prior to pupation. At its maximum activity, the insect enzyme compared well with the adult rat liver enzyme in activity. The larval enzyme appeared to exhibit a diurnal rhythm of activity characterized by a steady increase in activity from 0600 hours to reach maximum activity at 24 hours.
Studies On The Culture Of The Estuary Grouper, Epinephelus Salmoides Maxwell (Pisces, Serranidae), In Floating Net-Cages
(1979-10)
Teng, Seng Keh
In the present investigation, certain aspects of the food and feeding, Ilutritional requirements and stocking densities of the estuary grouper (EpinepheZus saZmoides Maxwell) were studied In floating net-cages. The results obtained were further assimilated to develop culture techniques for optimizing commercial production of the fish.
Perkembangan Kaedah Kromatografi Bagi Penentuan Klorproguanil Dan Klorsikloguanil Di Dalam Plasma
(1990-12)
Mahmud, Latifah
Kaedah-kaedah kromatografi cecair dan gas yang baru telah dimajukan bagi penentuan klorproguanil dan metabolitnya, klorsikloguanil dalam plasma. Drug-drug berkenaan berserta proguanil sebagai piawai dalaman telah diekstrak daripada plasma melalui kaedah pengekstrakan fasa pepejal pada penjerap ODS (CIS) dengan dielusikan oleh metanol yang mengandungi 0.01 % dietilamina-asid asetik. Purata peratus pengembali bagi klorproguanil melalui pengekstrakan ini adalah (85 + 3.6) % dengan pekali ubahan 4.2 % manakala bagi klorsikloguanil pula adalah (60.2 ± 3.9) % dengan pekali ubahan 6.6%.
Immunological Reactivity Of Jird (Meriones Unguiculatus) To Infection
(1993-12)
Panasoponkul, Chotechuang
Filariasis is a chronic parasitic infection which is considerable public health and socioeconomic importance in many tropical and subtropical countries and remains a major health problem in many areas of the world. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the various immunoregulatory mechanisms elicited by different doses of subcutaneous infection with B. pahangi in jirds (Meriones unguiculatus)
Mikotoksin Fusarium Nygamai Burgess & Trimboli, Penyebab Penyakit Besar Rabu Pada Padi
(1993-12)
Sazlina Binti Abdul Kader
Fusarium nygamai (kultur No. P27SRP) yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini, telah dipencil daripada batang padi yang menunjukkan gejala penyakit besar rabu di Bumbung Lima, Pulau Pinang. Kultur monokonidium F. nygamai diinokulasi pada beras steril dan dieram selama 1-4 minggu. Ekstrak mikotoksin kasar (EMK) yang dihasilkan oleh patogen setiap minggu dalam kultur beras tersebut dibioasai pada larva udang (Artemia salina).
Studies On The Mosquito Fauna Of Kerian District With Emphasis On The Mangrove Swamp Ecotype
(1994-01)
Ahmad, Abu Hassan
A survey on the mosqui to fauna of Kerian district and its adjacent area of Bandar Baharu district was taken from August 1986 to December 1990. A total of 157 species of mosquitoes belonging to 17 genera were collected using several methods. Some of the mosquitoes were found to breed only in certain specific ecological zones while others were distributed over a wider area. Aedes amesii, and Uranotaenia latera7is were confined to Cx. sitiens the mangrove swamps. The holes in the trees of the mangrove swamps were the breeding habitat for Ae. amesii. Cx. sitiens breeds in the brackish water pools and water canals that run along the bunds that separate the mangrove swamps from the land. Ur. latera7is larvae were found breeding in the crab holes in the mangrove swamps. Adults rest in these crab holes during the day. The nipah palm axils were used by several species of Aedes and Culex as their breeding habitats.
Pheromones Of Fruit Flies (Bactrocera Spp.) And The Glandular Anatomy Of Wild Orchids (Bulbophyllum Spp.) That Attract The Fruit Flies.
(1996-11)
Nallakumar, Krishnakumari Anm.
The rectal gland secretions of males of Bactrocera dorsalis, Bactrocera papayae, Bactrocera carambo/ae and Bactrocera umbrosa that were fed 'Mth methyl eugenol and eugenol were isolated and identified. Through this work methyl eugenol has been established as a more potent and effident attractant compared to eugenol. The major glandular components that occur naturally in these spedes are long chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, spiroacetals, ketols, esters and amides. Two phenylpropanoids, 2-allyI-4,5-dimethoxyphenol (Compound Z) and 4-(3-hydroxy- 1-propenyl}-2-methoxyphenol or coniferyl alcohol, and one amide, N-3-methylbutyl acetamide were identified as the major glandular components of all four Bectrocet» species in this study when they were treated Vvith methyl eugenol. A compound, 6-oxo-1-nonanol, was identified only in the rectal secretions of Bactrocera carambolae and it was found to be the major component in the rectal glands of sexually mature males, and thus it is characterised as a naturally occuring pheromone in Bactrocera carambolae. A phenylpropanoid, cis 3,4- dimethoxycinnamyl alcohol, was also identified in the rectal secretions of B. dorsalis and B.umbrosa. Only 2-allyl-4,5-dimethoxyphenol was detected in the rectal glands of males of B. papayae that were fed 'Mth eugenol. None of the other three species in this study produced any form of pheromones when fed wth eugenol, except for the increase in the naturally occuring pheromone in B.carambolae. In other words, both methyl eugenol and eugenol take on the role of precursor in the manufacture and production of pheromones in the male rectal glands of all four species. A detailed study on the
Pemilihan Dan Pembiakan Asparagus (Asparagus Officinalis L.) Var. Mary Washington Melalui Kaedah Kultur Tisu
(1997-04)
Othman, Mohamad Suhaimi
Seks tanaman asparagus tidak dapat ditentukan melalui morfologi biji benih. Biji benih yang berlainan saiz mengeluarkan satu atau lebih tiler tetapi ini tidak menunjukkan potensi pengeluaran hasil yang sebenar. Oleh yang demikian ciri-ciri pemilihan klon yang unggul tidak bergantung kepada saiz atau bilangan tiler yang dikeluarkan oleh biji benih. Walaubagaimanapun setiap biji benih mempunyai potensi pengeluaran hasil yang berbeza antara satu sama lain. Oleh itu pemilihan berdasarkan setiap biji benih perlu dilakukan.
Kelakuan Makan Semut 'Pharaoh', Monomorium Pharaonis (L.) (Hymenoptera : Formicidae) : Pengrekrutan, Pemilihan Dan Pengagihan Makanan
(1997-06)
Chong, Shu Chien @ Alexander
Kajian ini telah bertumpu kepada beberapa aspek perlakuan pemakanan semut 'pharaoh', monomoriuni pharaonis (l.), iaitu pengrekrut.An massa, pemilihan makanan dan pengagihan makanan antara ahli koloni. Semasa pengrekrutan, pekerja semut 'pharaoh' berperanan sebagai pengakap kembali ke sarang dan menarik pekerja ke sumber makanan yang baru dijumpai. Keputusan eksperimen menunjukkan bahawa proses pengrekrutan. Pekerja adalah proses dinamik yang boleh berubah mengikut keadaan seperti kualiti (kekayaan) umpan dan juga tahap kelaparan koloni. Dalam kehadiran umpan berkualiti tinggi, lebih banyak pekerja direkrut untuk memakan berbanding dengan umpan kurang berkualiti. Pengrekrutan adalah tertinggi apabila koloni mengalami kelaparan yang lama diberikan umpan paling berkualiti.
Construction Of Synthetic Bovine Growth Hormone Gene Via Polymerase Chain Reaction
(1997-07)
Mohamad, Suriani
A synthetic gene of 643 base pairs (bp) was successfully assembled and generated using the polymerase chain reaction (pf'r), this synthetic construct carries the sequence coding for the 190 amino acids long mature bovine growth hormone (bgh) polypeptide, restriction enzyme sites and elements necessary for prokaryotic transcriptional and translational processes. The gene was assembled in three stages. Each stage needed diffferent per parameters. The initial product contained deletions possibly caused by mispriming by one of the oligonucleotides and this was eventually repaired. To get an overview of the efficiency and potential of this technique for gene assembly and generation, the final product was sequenced. Seven nucleotide rnisincorporations were detected and this value represented about 1% of the synthetic construct.
Kajian Penggunaan Tarikan Tinja Lipas Dalam Kawalan Lipas Domestik (Dictyoptera: Blattidae, Blattellidae Dan Blaberidae)
(1998-05)
Ong, Chen Hsiung
Kajian ini telah bertumpu kepada penarikan tinja lipas oleh tujuh spesies lipas domestik dan beberapa aspek kegunaan yang mungkin bagi tinja lipas dalam rancangan kawalan lipas. Semua spesies lipas dalam kajian ini adalah serangga asli di pulau pinang, malaysia; mereka adalah periplaneta americana (lipas amerika), periplaneta brunnea (lipas perang), periplaneta australasiae (lipas australia), neostylopyga rhombifolia (lipas harlequin), nauphoeta cinerea (lipas lobster), supel/a iongipalpa (lipas jalur perang) dan blattella germanica (lipas jerman). Semua spesies lipas dalam kajian ini menunjukkan tarikan kepada tinja lipas terutamanya tinja yang dikumuhkan oleh spesies sendiri, kecuali n. Cinerea. Penarikan kebanyakan tinja lipas adalah tidak spesies spesifik; sesetengah tinja lipas dapat menarik lebih daripada satu spesies lipas. Nimfa lipas adalah lebih tertarik kepada tinja lipas jika dibanding dengan lipas dewasa. Bila makanan dicampurkan dengan 1.00% w/w tinja lipas amerika, ia dapat menarik lebih banyak lipas, terutamanya uimfa lipas amerika yang datang ke makanan tersebut.
Nilai Nutrisi Kek Isirong Kelapa Sawit (PKC) Dalam Makanan Pelet Untuk Ikan Tilapla
(2002-06)
Lim, Hong Aik
Tiga eksperimen berasingan telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji beberapa aspek nilai nutrisi kek isirong kelapa sawit (PKC) dalam makanan pelet untuk ikan tilapia. Dalam Eksperimen I, keterhadaman nutrien dan ketersediaan asid amino PKC kepada ikan tilapia telah ditentukan berbanding dengan beberapa jenis bahan mentah. Diet ruj ukan dengan 40% protein kasar dan lima diet ujian yang mengandungi diet rujukan dan bahan mentah ujian dalam nisbah 70:30 telah dirumuskan. PKC telah menunjukkan keterhadaman protein ketara yang lebih tinggi berbanding dengan serbuk kacang kelisa (WBM), dan keterhadaman jirim kering, protein dan tenaga yang lebih rendah berbanding dengan bahan-bahan mentah lain.
Cytotoxicity And Cell Deatl-I Mechanisms Of Epipremnum Pinna Tum (L.) Engl. Extracts In T-47d, A Breast Carcinoma Cell Line
(2003-05)
Tan, Mei Lan
In this study, Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. extracts were shown to exhibit remarkable inhibition against the growth of T-47D, a breast carcinoma cell line. The hexane extract was the most potent (EC5o at 2.870 ug/ml) as compared to the chloroform and methanol extracts (EC5o at 5.590 ug/ml and 6.470 ug/ml, respectively). However, cell death mechanisms elicited by these three extracts were somewhat nonsimilar.
Comparison Of Starch Content And Transcriptomes Of Felled Oil Palm Trunks At 0 And 15 Days Of Storage
(2004-10)
Hasri, Nur Hanis Alisa Md
The oil palm trees are logged for replantation after they reach their maximum productivity of palm oil production. Massive biomass waste such as the oil palm trunk (opt) is generated during the replanting process. The opt biomass residues have been reported to contain a high amount of starch and sugar (glucose, sucrose, and fructose) that have high potential for various industrial uses (e.G., in value-added products). However, low starch opts with no use and practicality have also been identified in the oil palm plantations. In this study, high-starch and low-starch opt were firstly felled and further stored for 15 days. A storage period of 15 days was used as 15 days is a sufficient period to transport the opts from the plantation and to deliver to industrial companies for further applications. More specifically, the top and middle parts of the trunks containing sugar and starch, on the day the trees were felled (day 0 of storage) and 15 days later (day 15 of storage) were examined. Within the storage period, the starch and sugar contents were identified and the transcriptomes of the felled opt were sequenced to distinguish the high and low-starch opt. During the 15 days of storage, the starch content slightly decreased while the sugar content slightly increased in all the opts.
Strain Improvement Via Random Mutation For Glucoamylase Production By Aspergillus Niger Van Tieghem Through Solid State Fermentation
(2012-07)
Murugaiah, Hemalatha
Glucoamylase enzyme is widely utilized for conversion of starch into glucose during saccharification process. Aspergillus niger van Tieghem is commonly used for glucoamylase production in submerged cultivation system (SmF) and solid state fermentation (SSF). This research was carried out to enhance glucoamylase production by mutating A. niger van Tieghem using chemical mutagen, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) via random mutation. Mutant ANC9 was identified as a potential mutant which produced, 1.9 and 1.6 fold higher glucoamylase activity towards cooked starch and raw starch respectively in SmF using cooked starch as substrate. Glucoamylase activity towards raw starch and cooked starch in SSF by mutant ANC9 were 44.81± 1.2 Ulg and 101.50 ±2.2 Ulg respectively compared to wild strain which was only able to produce 34.4±O.5 Ulg towards cooked starch and 79.1±2.2 Ulg towards raw starch.
Ekologi Pembiakan Dan Analisis Filogenetik Molekul Enam Spesies Keladi Hutan Reofitik (Araceae: Schismatoglottideae)
(2012-07)
Ooi, Im Hin
Enam keladi hutan reofitik dalam Schismatoglottideae, dua dari Semenanjung Malaysia (Pip to spat ha ridleyi, P perakensis) dan empat dari Borneo (P. elongata, Ooia grabowskii, Bakoa lucens, Aridarum nicolsonii) telah dipilih sebagai wakil-wakil kepada kumpulan-kumpulan tertentu. Pemerhatian lapangan tentang mekanik seludang, pendebungan, penghasilan buah, penyebaran biji benih dan penubuhan anak benih takson-takson ini telah dijalan dan dicatatkan. Jujukan dua rantau DNA kloroplas (/rwL-trnF, w«/K-3’r/7?K) telah dikaji untuk setiap spesies dengan menggunakan teknik penjujukan DNA. Filogeni takson-takson yang dibina-semula menunjukkan genus Piptospatha ialah satu kumpulan yang polifiletik. Melalui hubung filogenetik ini pertalian evolusi takson-takson sudah difahami. Pada masa yang sama, kajian ini telah menyumbang kepada persempadanan genus Piptosaptha, menghuraikan genus-genus Bakoa dan Ooia secara tidak langsung.
Optimized Production Of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate) And Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-Co-4-Hydroxybutyrate) By Cupriavidus Sp. Usmaa2-4 In A One-Stage Fermentation
(2013)
Nurhezreen Binti Md Iqbal
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a biodegradable and biocompatible thermoplastic synthesized by microorganisms as intracellular energy and carbon reserved materials. P(3HB) homopolymer is stiff and brittle while P(3HB-co-4HB) copolymer have properties ranging from crystalline to rubber-like materials which correlates with the changes in the 4HB monomer compositions. In addition, the degradation products of P(3HB-co-4HB) is non toxic and biocompatible to human body, as the degradation product of both monomers is a natural metabolite present in mammalian body.
Floristic Composition And Economic Valuation Of 2-Ha Plots Of Hill Forest In Langkawi
(2013-03)
Thesis
Floristic composition data are a valuable tool in sustainable forest and environmental management. A 2.0-ha permanent plot (200 m x 100 m) located between 300 and 750 m a.s.l. was each established at Gunung Matchingchang Forest Reserve (GMFR) and Gunung Raya Forest Reserve (GRFR) in Langkawi for the purpose of inventoring hill floral diversity. The research sites comprised of two 2.0-ha plots each of which was located in GMFR and GRFR and was further divided into fifty 20 m x 20 m subplots. In GM_FR and GRFR, there were a total of 12,530 trees and 7,967 trees respectively. All trees with abundant species, family, diameter breast height (DBH), total biomass (TB) and stumpage value were identified, assessed and recorded. The largest species in GMFR was recorded by Hydnocarpus filipes (Flacoutiaceae) with as many as 2,591 individuals. In GRFR, Diospyros ismailii (Ebenaceae) recorded the highest number with 799 individuals.
Effect Of Varying Dietary Protein Levels In Snakehead Broodstock, Channa Striata (Bloch, 1793) On Egg, Larval Quality, Digestive Enzyme Activity And Ontogenic Development Of The Digestive Tract
(2016-01)
Manogoran, Janaranjani
The present study was carried out to determine the quality of eggs and larvae from channa striata broodstock that were fed different levels of dietary protein. C. Striata juveniles (mean weight 54.5 ± 2.6 g) were randomly selected and stocked in 4m x lm x im (length x width x depth) canvas tanks at adensity of 60 fishes per tank in triplicates for each treatment. Four experimental diets containing varying protein levels (350, 400, 450 and 500 g kg'1) were formulated and fed twice daily to satiation, at 10:00 a.M. And 17:00 p.M. For 6 months until spawning. After six months on the experimental diets, matured male and female brood fish were randomly selected for artificial spawning at the ratio of 1: 1. A series of two experiments were conducted to achieve the objectives of this cunent study. First, the quality of eggs and larvae were assessed based on biometric of egg and larvae, egg lysozyme, tolerance of larvae to starvation, tolerance to stress triggers such as temperature and ph and amino acid content.

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