Pusat Pengajian Sains Kemasyarakatan - Tesis

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A Fractional Cointegration Panel Model With Fixed Effect
(2023-05)
Fehintola, Olaniran Saidat
Several authors have studied fractional cointegration in time series data, but little or no consideration has been extended to panel data settings. However, recent economics and financial panel datasets such as portfolio returns across firms, price indices and exchange rates across countries often exhibit long-memory properties. Therefore, this thesis aims to develop a fractional cointegrated panel model with a fixed effect assumption. The first objective was to compare the finite sample behaviour of existing fractional cointegration time-series test procedures in panel data settings. This comparison is performed to determine the best tests that can be adapted to fractional cointegration in panel data settings. Specifically, simulation studies and real-life data analysis were performed to study the changes in the empirical type I error rate and power of six semiparametric fractional cointegration tests in panel settings. The analysis findings revealed that the residual-based tests are useful for adaptation in a panel setting. Secondly, the best two residual-based time series fractional cointegration tests observed were implemented in panel settings using Monte-Carlo simulation experiments. The results of the experiments showed that one of the tests is valid for fractional cointegration order of less than 0.5, the other is generalized and accepts any fractional cointegration order within the range [0, 1] at varying sample sizes. Finally, a fractional cointegrated panel approach was developed for testing the absolute Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) model among 16 West African countries using data that spans 49 years (1971-2019).
Agihan Dana Zakat Kepada Golongan Bukan Islam Di Malaysia: Satu Penelitian Kualitatif Semasa
(2023-02)
Siti Nuraisyah Binti Hashim
Tesis ini bertujuan mengenal pasti tafsiran bukan Islam dalam perkataan al-mu’allafah qulubuhum dan menganalisis pandangan cendekiawan berkenaan agihan zakat kepada bukan Islam serta menganalisis amalan agihan zakat kepada golongan bukan Islam oleh institusi zakat di Malaysia.
An Account Of Psychosocial Issues Among Syrian Students Attending Malaysian Public Universities
(2022-02)
Uzma Rani
The world has been facing events of war and conflicts since its modern conception. War destroys communities and families and often disrupts nations' social and economic fabric. The effects of war include long-term physical, social and psychological harm to the individuals. Any war could have severe impacts far beyond borders by forcing the population to migrate for good. Syrian war in 2011 created severe stress in the region resulting in the mass migration of people to the peaceful zones of the world to get a better life. Many young university-going students also migrated to achieve higher education, to make their future better and peaceful. The present study primarily aims at the Syrian university students to explore their life experiences during the conflict, their psychosocial issues, and their life management at this stage. This study also explores their opinion and suggestions as international students coming from war zones for the host country. In-depth interviews were conducted with fifteen (15) Syrian university students and three public universities in Malaysia. Clarke and Braun analyzed the data using NVivo 11 Pro and reflexive thematic analysis. Three main themes emerged from the interviews: psychological issues, social issues, and future concerns. It was discussed by the participants of the study that they are very positive regarding their future and paid gratitude to Malaysian people for their positive humanitarian attitude for their crisis.
An Evaluation Of E-Government Performance In Nigeria: A Public Value Approach
(2021-10)
Abdulkareem Abdulrazaq Kayode
This research’s contribution lies in the fact that this study is applied the public values to measure the net benefits of e-government. Also, digital literacy has proven to be a good predictor for actual use, user satisfaction and the public value of e-government. This study also established the moderating effect of citizens’ access to ICT between the use and public value of e-government. This study’s conceptual model can be used in future studies to evaluate specific ICT inclined systems’ success.
Capital Penetration And Coping Strategies Of Traditional Hindu Fisherfolk In Bangladesh
(2022-09)
Rashid, Mohammed Mamun Or
Bangladesh is a lower-middle-income country in South Asia where traditional fishermen, herein, Jaladas are at risk of chronic poverty. This study was conducted in two Jaladas villages to identify the socio-economic transformations caused by the inflows of capitals from different actors and the roles of various market functionaries, traditional social institutions, and power relations. Moreover, it aims to examine the coping strategies; and providing policy recommendations for their inclusion and wellbeing. This study adopted the qualitative research design, specifically the Key Informant Interview (KII), Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and household level case studies. A random survey of 100 households was conducted. The findings revealed that NGO-led interventions increase awareness, leadership development, education, access to health and sanitation facilities, and provide alternative employment skills to improve the quality of life in one of the villages studied. In the meantime, the increase numbers of commercial entrepreneurs have led higher over-exploitation of fisheries resources where powerful market functionaries control the fish marketing structure.
Ceo Competency And Earnings Management: Evidence From Nigerian Financial Firms
(2023-03)
Usaini, Muhammad
This study examined the influence of corporate governance (CG) mechanism (board size, board independence, CEO duality and audit committee) on earnings management (EM) of financial listed firms. It also investigated the moderating role of CEO competency on the relationship between corporate governance and earnings management. Using a sample of deposit money banks, mortgage banks and insurance firms in Nigeria, the study adopted the panel regression estimator to analyze the testable hypotheses. In support of the agency theory, the study found evidence that there is a partial support for the influence of corporate governance mechanisms on earnings management because only audit committee was found to have a significant impact on earnings management. Earnings management can also be minimized through CEO competency. In addition, the study found that CEO competency significantly moderates the relationship between audit committee and earnings management while there is no support for the moderating role of CEO competency on the relationship between board size, board independence, CEO duality, and earnings management.
Community Development Associations And Rural Development In Plateau And Imo States In Nigeria. A Case Study Of Social Capital And People Empowerment
(2021-10)
Ishaku Bitrus Lere
The main objective of this research is to explore first, the factors that limit community development associations contributions to rural development in Plateau state and second, the reasons that allow Community Development Associations (CDAs) in Imo to perform better than CDAs in Plateau State despite their similar economic and demographic characteristics
Contestation Of Jihad And Social Media Narrative: A Case Study Of Isis
(2021-04)
Umi Nur Zahidah Binti Mohd Kaslan
This study set to look for the differences between the two terms in order to unravel the hugely contested concept of jihad that often misused to generalize the action of one party which ultimately contributes to the growing xenophobic sentiment towards Islam and its followers.
Contextualisation Of Human (In)Security: A Borderland Case Study Of Kampung Danau Melikin, Serian, Sarawak
(2023-05)
Shafina Tantiana Binti Zulkipli
This thesis addresses the gap by reflecting the "voices" of border communities. This study contextualises human (in)security through the lens of borderlands as an epistemological approach to understanding the complex security landscape of Sarawak's borderlands.
Corruption-Economic Growth In Eight Emerging Asian Economies
(2022-10)
Ali, Imran
This research is an attempt to find the direct and indirect impact of corruption on economic growth with the sample size of eight Asian countries namely Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, Sri-Lanka, and Thailand. For the indirect impact, this research has used six economic indicators namely through private investment, human capital, law and order, bureaucratic quality, international trade, and political stability. To achieve this objective, this research has used the Newey West Standard Error technique to handle the autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity problem in the model. The results of this research have confirmed corruption has an adverse impact on economic growth through private investment, human capital, international trade, and political stability. Moreover, the estimated results have also confirmed that as corruption level is decreasing the quality of bureaucracy is also increasing but that improvement in bureaucracy has a negative impact on economic growth. Secondly, through the law-and-order, this research has confirmed that as corruption is decreasing, the law-and-order situation is improving which ultimately has a positive impact on the growth rate. Furthermore, this research has explored the long-run relationship (causality) between corruption and these six economic indicators because corruption is a long-run challenge it needs decades to make the country corruption-free and this research is more interested to know the longevity of impact of corruption on these economic indicators.
Cyberpornography Use And Psychosexual Health Among Emerging Adults In Malaysia
(2023-08)
Tan, Soon Aun
The advancement of Internet-enabled technologies has created a convenient avenue for young people to explore sexuality online, specifically through cyberpornography. The literature has shown mixed findings on the link between cyberpornography use and its effects on psychosexual health. Thus, the present study examined associations between motivations, cyberpornography use, and psychosexual health (sexual self-esteem and psychological distress). The study also explored the mediating role of perceived realism and utility and the moderating role of trait self-control (self-discipline and impulse control) in the direct association between cyberpornography use and psychosexual health. This cross-sectional quantitative study involved 663 self-identified cyberpornography users (Mage = 23.57; SDAge = 2.75). An online survey using Qualtrics was used to collect the study's data. The study variables were measured using the sexual esteem subscale of the Multidimensional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, Brief Self-Control Scale, Pornography Consumption Inventory, and Perceived Realism of Sexually Explicit Internet Materials Scale. This data was analysed using IBM-SPSS Version 26, Partial Least Squares – Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). In sum, cyberpornography use among the emerging adult participants was moderate. The study's results also indicated that sexual pleasure, sexual curiosity, excitement seeking, and emotional avoidance were the motivations for cyberpornography use. Gender differences were found in motivations and cyberpornography use.
Daya Tahan Petani Muda Di Boyolali, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia
(2023-01)
Sarwoto
Terdapat tiga (3) objektif dalam kajian ini iaitu mengenal pasti program yang dilaksanakan kerajaan yang memperkasakan keupayaan dan daya tahan petani muda di Boyolali, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia; menganalisis daya tahan petani muda di Boyolali, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia; dan menilai keupayaan petani muda dalam menyumbang daya tahan petani muda di Boyolali, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia.
Effect Of Social Media On National Security Of The United Arab Emirates
(2022-09)
Naser Muftah Ali Obaid Alkhateri
Social media has revolutionised social interactions thereby influencing day to day economic, social, political and also the security and stability in United Arab Emirates and the world in general. A number of theories, including the cute cat theory, have been proposed for management of uprising through social media as experienced in MENA a few years ago. The primary aim of the study is to investigate the threat of social media usage to public behavioural propensities in the UAE and how these threats may be moderated by building on the social impact theory forces of number, strength and immediacy.
Effectiveness Of A Gratitude-Based Intervention In Increasing Subjective Well-Being Of Mothers With Down Syndrome Children
(2017-05)
Yu, Xiaotong
The field of positive psychology is quickly emerging with a number of interventions that focus on increasing the happiness and well-being of people. Gratitude-based interventions have been found to be one of the effective interventions in many studies. This online-based study investigated the effectiveness of a 4-week intervention using gratitude lists to improve the level of gratitude and subjective well-being (SWB) in a sample of Malaysian mothers with Down syndrome children (N = 63).
Faith-Based Organisation (Fbo) In Fragile States: Analysing The Humanitarian Aid Policies Of Malaysian Fbos In Gaza, Palestine
(2022-12)
Ahsad Ahmad, Ferooze Ali Bin
Less research priority is given to Faith-Based Organisation donors (FBOs) activity in Gaza. This involves the effort to dissect the faith element as a potential influencing factor to FBOs aid policies within the fragile state. The dominant research over the past 20 years has been on Western state based donors’ aid modalities after the Oslo agreement in 1993. Previous discourse highlighted the tight political and economic regulations by Western donors, which affected how aid is distributed and utilised by Palestinians. Studies also underscored the rather tense donor-recipient relationship arising from such an arrangement. To address the gap, a phenomenology in-depth qualitative research is conducted on seven FBOs from Malaysia or Malaysian Faith-Based Organisations (MFBOs) operating in Gaza. MFBOs culture towards Islamic altruism and their embraced Islamic aid financing practices are observed, explored and dissected. MFBOs policies are also analysed against the Fragile State Principles (FSPs).
Faktor Ke Arah Peningkatan Kualiti Hidup Bekas Pesakit Kanser Payudara Di Jabatan Kerja Sosial Perubatan, Hospital Umum Sarawak
(2012)
Chabuk, Roseline Nana
Kanser payudara merupakan penyebab utama kematian dalam kalangan wanita di Malaysia. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji dengan lebih mendalam faktor-faktor yang meningkatkan kualiti hidup pesakit kanser payudara di negeri Sarawak. Selain itu, kajian ini juga turut mengenal pasti bentuk-bentuk cabaran yang dihadapi olch pesakit serta peranan yang dimainkan olch pekerja sosial perubatan dalam membantu pesakit kanser payudara. Reka bentuk kajian kualitatiftelah digunakan. Seramai 15 orang pesakit yang mendapatkan rawatan di Hospital Umum Sarawak telah ditemubual secara mendalam dalam kajian ini. Kajian mendapati, tiga faktor utama dalam meningkatkan kualiti hidup bekas pesakit kanser payudara adalah meliputi sokongan keluarga, pegangan agama dan kaunseling secara individu. Manakala bentuk-bentuk cabaran yang dilalui olch 15 orang responden merangkumi aspek psikologikal, fizikal, sosial dan kewangan. Selain itu, hasil kajianjuga menunjukkan pekerja sosial perubatan telah memainkan pelbagai peranan seperti mendapatkan bantuan kewangan, sebagai kaunselor, penyampai maklumat dan broker bagi membantu pesakit. Kesimpulannya, hasil penemuan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa pesakit kanser payudara sangat memerlukan sistem sokongan yang berterusan bagi meningkatkan kualiti hidup pesakit.
Financial Preparedness And Retirement Planning Among Emplyees Provident Fund (Epf) Contributors
(2022-02)
Goh, Yi Yuern
Established in 1951, the Employees Provident Fund scheme made it compulsory for Malaysian workforce to save for their retirement. However, many of the employee provident fund contributors found that their Employees’ Provident Fund (EPF) savings are not enough to sustain them through retirement. Thus, this study was conducted to identify factors that affect an EPF contributor's decision to have planned savings for retirement besides employee provident fund savings and to analyse factors that contribute to EPF contributor's financial preparedness for retirement. These constitutes the first two objectives of this study. In the third objective, the study uses descriptive statistical analysis to explore the relationship between socio-demographic characteristic and preferred retirement saving channels. A total of 500 questionnaires were administered to those working in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor area. The likelihood of having a personal retirement saving plan and the categories of retirement financial preparedness were analysed using Logistic regression model and Multinomial logistic model respectively.
Friendship Maintenance Behaviour, Friendship Satisfaction And Psychological Well-Being: A Comparative Study Of Single And Married Working Women In Malaysia
(2023-01)
Alias, Nur Salimah
This study aimed to identify the differences between single and married working women in Malaysia in the engagement of friendship maintenance behaviour as well as the levels of friendship satisfaction and psychological well-being. This study also examined the effects of friendship maintenance behaviour on friendship satisfaction and psychological well-being. In addition, this study examined the role of marital status as a moderator in both of these relationships. Three theories were used to provide theoretical background for this study. Firstly, the social exchange theory was used to support the argument about friendship maintenance behaviour as a form of investment. The equity theory was used in the discussion regarding the outcomes in the form of friendship satisfaction, while the self-expansion theory was used to explain the differences in psychological well-being outcomes between single and married working women. This study conducted a survey that involved a total of 500 female respondents working in public universities in Malaysia. All collected data were analysed using SPSS 23 and AMOS 23. Based on the results of this study, single working women were found to have better friendship maintenance behaviours than married working women. Single working women also demonstrated higher level of friendship satisfaction than married working women.
Household Demand For Fruits And Vegetables In Malaysia
(2022-04)
K Subramaniam, Mangaleswari
In Malaysia, the globalisation process has driven the country to experience changes in food consumption patterns. Amidst the changing diversification of food consumption patterns, several challenges also arise in the Malaysian Fruits and Vegetables (FV) industries. This study estimates FV’s own-price, cross-price, income demand elasticity and evaluates nutrient demand elasticities using Malaysia Household Expenditure Survey (MHES) data set 2014. Demand is forecasted to predetermine the FV demand from 2025–2040. To achieve these objectives, the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) model is used. This study involved two categories of fruits: non-seasonal and seasonal, and three categories of vegetables: root, leafy and fruity vegetables.
Household Life Quality And Multidimensional Deprivations In Kwara State, Nigeria
(2023-05)
Mohammed, Ojuolape Adebayo
This study analyses the determinants of key socio-economic issues of out-ofschool children, youth and middle-aged unemployment, and older person's poverty. These three issues are not only peculiar to households but are key components of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). Child schooling falls under SDG4 (quality education), youth unemployment fall under SDG8 (decent work and economic growth), and older person's poverty falls under SDG1 (no poverty). These three issues were further examined to ascertain their collective impact on the household's quality of life. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse child schooling enrolment, binary logistic regression for youth and middle-aged unemployment, and older person's poverty. General ordered logistic regression was used to analyse the household quality of life. The study shows that access to school improves child schooling, high cost of education leads to increased out-of-school children, and parents with low educational attainment tend to pay little attention to child schooling. The study shows that many youths and middle-aged household members have no vocational training, and the more they are educated, the more their chances of getting employed.

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