Pusat Pengajian Perumahan, Bangunan & Perancangan - Tesis

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A Multi-stakeholder Management Perspective For Sustainable Ecotourism In Penang Hill
(2022-07)
Salman, Ahmad
Ecotourism brings economic, cultural and environmental sustainability in the destination. Ecotourism was introduced because of the negative impact of mass tourism on the destination. Ecotourism focuses on learning about nature, landscapes, the environment and the culture. Many destinations struggle to achieve sustainable ecotourism due to the involvement of multiple stakeholders with varying interests and power. Penang Hill, one of the latest inductees to the world biosphere reserve network, also has multiple stakeholders. This study aims to close the knowledge gap in managing stakeholders of the destination by understanding the interests and influence of the stakeholders of Penang Hill. The main objectives of the study focused on exploring the management of Penang Hill, exploring stakeholders perceptions related to stakeholder management and ecotourism sustainability, identify the relationship between stakeholders interests and influence on stakeholder management, assess the relationship between stakeholder management and sustainable ecotourism in Penang Hill and finally to analyse whether stakeholder management mediates the relationship between stakeholders interests and stakeholders influence on sustainable ecotourism in Penang Hill. A mixed-method approach was used in this study. The data was collected concurrently with the help of semi-structured interviews and questionnaire from the key and primary stakeholders of Penang Hill.
A Study On The Quality Of Material In Libyan Iron And Steel Industry
(2008-06)
Frag Ahmed, Ma Kridan
The steel industry plays an important role in the production and supply of steel, which is a basic and important building material that is consume by the construction and the manufacturing industry. Like any other industry, the Libyan iron and steel industry requires the spare parts of the plant and machine, together with other consumable for the smooth operation of the production department. The aim of the research is to study the quality of materials as it relates to rejection of supplied spare parts and consumables in the Libyan iron and steel industry. The data for the research was obtained from the record of all the spare parts and consumables that were rejected in the general material department for the year 2004. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics.
Accessibility Built Environment Indicator For Persons With Disabilities In George Town, Penang
(2022-08)
Ikhwan Ali, Wazani
Persons with disabilities confront several challenges that hinder them from fully exercising their rights, and participating in social, professional and cultural activities in terms of accessing built environments. Compared to those without disabilities, persons with disabilities have less opportunities to engage in activities because of their inaccessibility within social environments. This study provided an overview of the accessibility level and investigated the accessibility challenges that persons with disabilities (persons with disabilities of physical, hearing and vision) face when moving around in external built environment in George Town, Penang. Which was carried out with the intention of improving urban design by using Social Network Theory, may have implications for the management of physical mobility for individuals with disabilities. The mixed-method approach was employed to elicit information from organizations related to persons with disabilities, and to obtain data from a group of persons with disabilities. The interviews were conducted with the Penang Island City Council, Think City Penang, George Town World Heritage Incorporated, Penang Society of Disabled Persons and Caring Rehabilitation Society for persons with disabilities. The questionnaire was conducted with wheelchair users, the walking-impaired persons, the visually-impaired persons, and the hearingimpaired persons in George Town areas.
Adaptive Reuse Practice Of Teachers’ Quarters In Malaysia
(2023-02)
Mohamad Izzat Bin Zulkanain
This study intends to (1) investigate the current issues and factors affecting adaptive reuse of teachers’ quarters; (2) identify the management (planning, implementation and monitoring) of teachers’ quarters; (3) identify the adaptive reuse strategy for teachers’ quarters; (4) identify the benefits and challenges of applying adaptive reuse strategy; (5) suggest possible solutions to overcome the challenges of adaptive reuse strategy for unoccupied teachers’ quarters.
An Assessment Of The Provision Of Recreational Facilities In The Greater-Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
(2021-12)
Wash Peter Musa
The spatial provision of recreational facilities is highly critical, being the vital services that affect the wellbeing of residents and community development. The provision is an activity that demands a conscience-led approach; hence overcoming daunting problems of setback in implementing policies, inaccessibility, inappropriate provision of the facility and stakeholders’ performance. Therefore, this study is aimed at assessing the provision of recreational facilities in the Greater-Jos. Greater-Jos comprises of two and parts of other four Local Government Areas, in Plateau State, North Central of Nigeria with population estimated at 1.5 million. The effectiveness of policy implementation is determined based on the aspects of accessibility, appropriateness, and performance of stakeholders in the provision of recreational facilities. Multi-method research was adopted where Geographic Information System (GIS), questionnaire survey and interviews were conducted. The data were analysed by using ArcGIS, partial least squares structural equation modelling (WarpPLS) and Atlas.ti8, respectively. By triangulation, the results revealed that the provision of recreational facilities positively affects the relationship between appropriateness and stakeholders’ involvement. In contrast, the provision of recreational facilities negatively affects the relationship with regards to accessibility indicators. The findings further show the spatial distribution of the recreational facilities, which are unequally spread within the ten sectors of the Greater Jos. Relating the results to the policy proposed in the Greater Jos Master Plan produced in 2009, the findings are astonishingly conflicting.
Aplikasi Prinsip Penyesuaigunaan Terhadap Elemen Seni Bina Hotel Warisan Di Tapak Warisan Dunia Melaka Dan George Town
(2013-02)
Lilawati Binti Ab Wahab
Penyelidikan ini telah dijalankan bagi mendapatkan gambaran sebenar aplikasi prinsip penyesuaigunaan yang telah dijalankan ke atas bangunan bersejarah sebagai hotel di Tapak Warisan Dunia Melaka dan George Town. Penyelidikan ini telah dijalankan secara berperingkat bermula dengan kajian awalan, yang mana pada peringkat ini penyelidik telah melakukan soal selidik bagi mendapatkan hala tuju penyelidikan yang lebih tepat. Kajian diteruskan dengan kajian rintis, yang mana telah membawa kepada penemuan 35 buah hotel hasil aplikasi prinsip penyesuaigunaan bangunan bersejarah. Empat buah hotel warisan hasil aplikasi prinsip penyesuaigunaan bangunan bersejarah telah dipilih sebagai kajian kes. Hasil daripada kajian kes yang dijalankan mendapati bahawa tahap aplikasi prinsip penyesuaigunaan yang dilakukan di kedua Tapak Warisan Dunia Melaka dan George Town adalah amat sederhana dan usaha perlu diambil bagi memastikan hotel warisan tidak hilang keistimewaannya.
Assessment Of Thermal Comfort In Naturally Ventilated Classrooms In The Tropical Savanna Climate Of Nigeria
(2023-09)
Mustapha, Tajudeen Dele
Issues of climate change and energy efficiency in buildings have made thermal comfort research increasingly significant. The rising temperature caused by climate change impacts building occupants' comfort level and health, especially school children exposed to unfavourable indoor thermal conditions. Therefore, this study aims to investigate students' perceptions of the indoor thermal environment and determine the optimum thermal condition in naturally ventilated classrooms in the tropical savanna climate of Abuja, Nigeria. In achieving this aim, two field investigations and building simulations were conducted to evaluate the occupants' thermal comfort and perceptions, involving 2758 respondents from 83 classrooms during the dry and wet seasons. The respondents encompass a total of 2,739 secondary school students and 19 teachers selected from four (4) secondary schools in Abuja. The selected case studies represented a range of users in an equally comparable climatic environment with Abuja. The data collected in the surveys were fieldwork measurements, simulation of thermal comfort variables, and questionnaire answers of occupants' perceptions of the indoor climate. Accordingly, the data were stored in a spreadsheet and subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis using the analytical software programs SPSS version 23 and Microsoft Excel. The assessment revealed that only 27.3% of the case-studied classrooms and 21.9% of the occupants meet the ASHRAE Standard 55 thermal comfort criteria stipulated by the American Society of Heating.
Bureaucratisation Of Codified Project Management Practices And Its Impact On Project Performance Within Malaysian Construction And Property Development Industries
(2021-12)
Ng Sin, Hong
In recent decades, the emphasis on project management activities has expanded substantially, perceived as a method to enhance project performance. Such rapid evolution has inevitably led to two opposing points of view, with some researchers found the usual methods of prefixed rules and regulations to be a bureaucratisation of management styles in the Weberian tradition that improves project performance. In contrast, other scholars have a different view, believing that the bureaucratisation of project management is flawed and can negatively impact the performance of project managers. The two rising differences of opinion have led to the development of project management practices becoming an exciting field for investigation and offers diverse views as to whether project management practices should be fluid or comply with specific structured disciplines. This thesis aims to explores how the bureaucratisation of codified project management practices are relevant to project performance, with a specific investigation of the construction and development industries in Malaysia. The competency components of the codified project management practices are taken from the summary of the five well-known project management institutions where 10 competency components been chosen. The participants in this study are project managers in Malaysia's construction and development industries. A total of 210 questionnaires were distributed, and 194 questionnaires were received. The notable finding is that all the 10 competency components display bureaucracy with formalisation of five competency components (PSM, PTM, PCM, PQM & PCOMM) and centralisation of another set of five competency components (PTM, PCM, PQM, PHRM & PRM) showing a significant, and positive relationship to project performance.
Characteristics Of Binary Blended Mortar And Concrete With Coal Bottom Ash Aggregate And Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Additive
(2023-02)
Kevin Khaw Le Ping
The goal of this study is to refine the grading of CBA to obtain the most optimum grading of CBA that can be use as fine aggregate replacement material in a binary blended mix containing OPC and GGBS. Furthermore, additional study on the influence of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) as an additive in binary blended mortar/concrete containing graded CBA as a fine aggregate replacement will be investigated.
Conservation Scientific Test Procedures In Selected Masonry Heritage Buildings In Malaysia
(2022-04)
Tan, Chin Ling
Since the Portuguese era in Malacca back in the 16th century, many authentic colonial heritage buildings were built in Peninsular Malaysia and Sarawak. Majority of these heritage buildings are masonry structural buildings. After Melaka and George Town were recognised by UNESCO World Heritage Convention as World Heritage Sites on 7th July 2008, heritage building conservation in Malaysia received attention from various parties. Since the establishment of the Department of National Heritage under the National Heritage Act 2005 (Act 645) on 1st March 2006 with the responsibility to preserve, conserve, protect and promote the rich treasures of Malaysian heritage, implementation of scientific tests in heritage building conservation in Malaysia is encouraged and recommended by the Department of National Heritage.
Design And Simulation Of A Fuzzy Logic Based Circadian Smart Led Lighting System And Its Potential For Healthcare Facilities
(2022-06)
perumal, Sivachandran R.
This proof-of-concept research introduces a fuzzy logic-based lighting control system design to illuminate indoor spaces using Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting technology by replicating outdoor circadian lighting to building indoor spaces. Past research shows circadian lighting affects occupants’ well-being by dictating their sleep and wake patterns. Previous works on replicating outdoor lighting had designers using classical closed loop control architecture, which required extensive mathematical modelling of the system dynamics. Fuzzy logic-based control systems costs less, robust, portable, and easily applicable for complex non-linear control systems without the need for system modelling. A methodology of autonomous regulation of lighting Correlated Colour Temperature (CCT) and space illuminance (lux) is applied using a 7×5 fuzzy rules base matrix using Mamdani max-min compositional operation. The design was evaluated by simulating a small-scale prototype to analyse the controller’s performance. Simulation results show the system output matched outdoor chromaticity values and the deviation from blackbody curve was within ±0.003 range using CCT Duv check. The system performed at no overshoot (0.0%), rise time and steady state reached at 1st and 4th iteration, respectively. Potential application at hospital ward are discussed by correlating with healthcare’s practise and parameters which showed increased facility efficiencies. Future works may experiment with spectrometric sensors and real time applications.
Development Of Pofa Based Geopolymer Concrete Activated With Wood Ash Lye Incorporating Timber Clinker Aggregate
(2023-09)
Isa, Muhammad Nura
Cement manufacturing has led to excessive carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission into the atmosphere, which has contributed to global sustainability challenges. Moreover, huge amount of industrial waste like palm oil fuel ash (POFA), wood ash (WA), and timber clinker aggregate (TCA) landfilled in our environments coupled with the use of naturally occurring rocks for aggregate are also a negative factor for the global sustainability. Amidst these sustainability challenges of cement production, waste management, and the use of naturally occurring rocks emerges the technology of geopolymer concrete. The development of geopolymer concrete has gained recognition in recent years as innovative and alternative construction material. However, using aggressive chemicals like sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as alkaline activator and oven curing has limited it to laboratory research only. The current study strived to answer the research questions on the effectiveness of using WA lye as alkaline activator to replace NaOH and also the utilization of TCA as coarse aggregate in geopolymer concrete at the ambient temperature. The investigation began with the optimization of liquid binder (L/B) and alkali activator ratio (AAR) using varying L/B and AAR ratio. Then specimens with GGBS as a partial replacement of POFA from 0% to 40% were produced with the view to optimize the GGBS content. TCA was optimized by producing POFA: GGBS geopolymer concrete with 0% to 100% TCA at 20% increment as partial replacement of natural aggregate.
Development Of Supply Chain Management Framework For Building Information Modelling Implementation In Public Sector Construction Projects
(2022-03)
Ahmad, Nur Hidayah
Disputes have kept Building Information Modelling (BIM) from reaching its full potential. Consequently, this study attempts to reduce BIM implementation disputes in Malaysian public construction projects. Experts were involved in two phases of the mixed methods study. Phase 1 was a preliminary interview with six experts (to determine the need for reducing disputes among supply chain actors for BIM implementation). Meanwhile, Phase 2 began with a quantitative approach using the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) on 14 experts to determine the main contributors that influence disputes (Objective Number 1). This was followed by qualitative approaches, namely self-grouping to identify the pathogens and pathogen sub-categories of disputes (Objective Number 2) and two sessions of Focus Group Discussion (FGD) involving six experts towards finally developing a validated SCM framework for BIM implementation (Objective Number 3). As a result of the quantitative approach, three main contributors that influence disputes were determined. The qualitative approach identified: (i) two pathogens as people issues, (ii) only one pathogen and two sub-pathogens as process problems, and (iii) product uncertainty is limited to one pathogen and one pathogen sub-category.
(Dis)Orientation In Place: Movements And Encounters Of The Pathars In Penang
(2023-07)
Raman, Sanjeh Kumar
The Pathars in their migration to Penang during the nineteenth century, brought along their Vishwakarma techne heritage which subsequently shaped their enclaves, through ideoscapes and technoscapes that delineates their inhabitation, work and settlement. However, their migration was also into a place that was already fully ideated and built, prior to their arrival. Critical phenomenology as an episteme in this study is useful not only to exhume racial ideology in modern architecture that accompanied colonialism in Penang, but mobilizes methodological strategies to question tools of investigation to highlight voices of the Pathars which are on the margins. This study recovers the lived experiences of the Pathars in Penang through phenomenological ethnography study of their lifeworlds; the buildings and sites which support their everyday activities. The analysis of the study yields this community’s movements and encounters in their everydayness, to reveal their intimate and culturally situated experience of place and production of social space. The Pathars’ intertwinement of work and culture with place has not only enabled the production of social space for local Hindu community, but also the re-invention of what “home” can be in the face of a rapidly changing city. The Pathars’ essential situation of “home” informs us that the inward turn of place uncovers a phenomenological understanding of interiority and brings to the foreground the dynamics of human intertwinement with their built environments.
(Dis)Orientation In Place: Movements And Encounters Of The Pathars In Penang
(2023-07)
Raman, Sanjeh Kumar
The Pathars in their migration to Penang during the nineteenth century, brought along their Vishwakarma techne heritage which subsequently shaped their enclaves, through ideoscapes and technoscapes that delineates their inhabitation, work and settlement. However, their migration was also into a place that was already fully ideated and built, prior to their arrival. Critical phenomenology as an episteme in this study is useful not only to exhume racial ideology in modern architecture that accompanied colonialism in Penang, but mobilizes methodological strategies to question tools of investigation to highlight voices of the Pathars which are on the margins. This study recovers the lived experiences of the Pathars in Penang through phenomenological ethnography study of their lifeworlds; the buildings and sites which support their everyday activities. The analysis of the study yields this community’s movements and encounters in their everydayness, to reveal their intimate and culturally situated experience of place and production of social space. The Pathars’ intertwinement of work and culture with place has not only enabled the production of social space for local Hindu community, but also the re-invention of what “home” can be in the face of a rapidly changing city.
Distribution Of Microplastics In Tropical Estuarine Mangrove And The Leaching Of Heavy Metals Under The Influence Of Temperature And Ph
(2023-05)
Tan, Evonne
This study reports the microplastic distribution in Seberang Perai, Kuala Muda, Penaga and Balik Pulau estuaries of Penang. A total of 8775 microplastic pieces were collected, with abundance in coastal surface water, coastal bottom and estuarine sediment ranging between 201±21.214 - 1407±124.265 pcs/L, 255±22.368 - 350±25.892 pcs/kg and 430±7.234 - 4000±29.174 pcs/kg respectively. Overall microplastic abundance decreases from Seberang Perai (5757 pcs) > Penaga (1589 pcs) > Kuala Muda (901 pcs) > Balik Pulau (528 pcs). Fragment was the dominant morphology (53%). Severe surficial weathering was observed on colorful and irregular microplastic samples. Polyethylene (PE) (30%), polystyrene (PS) (20%) and polyacetal (20%) were the most common polymer type. Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (μ-FTIR) detected chemical compounds such as dimethylmercury that can be potentially harmful to organisms and the environment. This baseline study presents the fundamental microplastic pollution status of the estuarine environment in Penang, concluding that human activities are significant toward microplastic input. The dominance of polymer morphology and type in study sites is closely related to the nature of human activities.
Eco-innovation Implementation Framework For Malaysian Contracting Firms
(2023-09)
Isa, Siti Sarah Mat
The construction industry is expected to excel in innovation while at the same time care for the environment, which makes the concept of eco-innovation (EI) an important direction for firms and the industry. Nonetheless, this application is still lagging compared to other industries. This research focuses on developing EI implementation framework by adapting the Dynamic Capability Theory. With 5 objectives to be achieved, a mixed method (QUAN-QUAL) comprising a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview was employed. The data for this study was obtained from G7 contractor firms registered with the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB). Based on the results of 103 survey responses and 14 interviews, it was discovered that there are 10 components of EI relevant to contractor firms that can be parked under process, product and organisational EI (Objective 1); the level of EI adoption remained moderate (Objective 2); the contractor firms are mainly driven by environment, technology, market, and firm-specific factors (Objective 3); there are 6 main challenges and 2 main supporting factors that influence EI implementation (Objective 4); and lastly, there are 4 key strategies (staff enrichment, technology optimisation, strengthen networking, and firm management proactiveness) to implement EI (Objective 5). The qualitative study validates the crucial connection of EI components and the influencing factors of EI implementation with EI strategy, enabling the development of the EI implementation framework. This framework facilitates the contracting firms to be more attentive in EI endeavour by providing a clear and comprehensive understanding of EI implementation to ensure continuous commitment to sustainable competitive advantages and environmental sustainability
Eco-innovation Mobilisation Framework For Contractors In Green Development Projects
(2023-09)
Fisol, Aimi Shahirah
The concept of eco-innovation (EI) addresses the complex issues between the construction sector and the environment to restore the balance between both elements. The impacts of a slow rate of innovation within this sector emphasise the need for contractors to use EI measures to reduce these negative effects and create a more sustainable approach to constructing while maximising economic value. Using Resource Mobilisation Theory, this research aims to develop the contractor’s eco-innovation mobilisation framework for construction projects. It has three objectives focusing on determining the components of EI at construction projects within the contractor’s scope of work, examining the conditions that influence EI mobilisation at the project, and investigating the contractor’s strategy to mobilise EI practices at the project. Through qualitative method, interviews are conducted with 15 contractors involved in the green development projects. The study found that the EI components within the contractor’s work scope consist of product EI, process EI, and organisational EI. The conditions influencing EI mobilisation are the firm capability, project nature, and external enabler. The strategies adopted by the contractor to mobilise EI are human capitalisation, smart engagement, information dissemination, extending company policy to project implementation, strengthening documentation procedures, and technology optimisation.
Employability Skills Among Malaysian Polytechnics’ Architectural Graduates Involving Building Information Modelling (BIM) Intensive Training In Architecture Firm
(2022-09)
Nor Azida Binti Ishak
This study aims to determine the levels of BIM-related skills among architecture graduates. This study also investigates which of the BIM skills can best predict the architecture graduates’ employability and the skills demanded by employers.
Employees Mindfulness Impact On Project Success In Information Technology Industry Of Pakistan: Explicating The Sequential Mediating Mechanism And Interaction Effects
(2022-12)
Jabran Khan
This study employed proactive motivation framework, and proposed that employees' mindfulness influence IT project success directly and indirectly through innovative work behavior and psychological hardiness. The study also proposed the moderating role of inclusive leadership on the relationship between employees' mindfulness and psychological hardiness – with high inclusive leadership; the relationship will be strengthened.

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